Calm the Cries: Secrets to Soothing Colic Naturally

Colic is a common and often distressing condition experienced by many babies in the first few months of life. It is typically characterised by regular episodes of intense crying in an otherwise well-fed, healthy infant. While the cause is not always clear, colic is temporary and tends to resolve with time.

While the exact cause of colic remains unclear, several factors are thought to contribute to its development. These factors may vary among individual infants and often involve a combination of elements:

• Immature Digestive System: An underdeveloped gastrointestinal tract may lead to increased gas production or difficulty in digesting certain substances, potentially causing discomfort.
• Imbalance of Gut Bacteria: Some studies suggest that an imbalance in the intestinal microbiota may be associated with colic symptoms.
• Sensitivity to Stimulation: Infants may have a heightened sensitivity to environmental stimuli such as light, sound, or touch, leading to increased fussiness.
• Feeding Difficulties: Improper feeding techniques or swallowing air during feeding can result in gas accumulation and discomfort.
• Maternal Diet: In breastfed infants, certain components of the maternal diet, such as dairy products, caffeine, or spicy foods, may influence colic symptoms.
• Parental Stress: High levels of stress or anxiety in caregivers may affect infant behaviour, although this is more of an associative factor than a direct cause.

It is important to note that colic is a self-limiting condition, typically resolving by 3 to 4 months of age. If concerns persist, consulting a healthcare professional is advisable.

Colic is marked by repeated episodes of intense, prolonged crying in a baby who is otherwise healthy and feeding well. These episodes often follow a predictable pattern, typically occurring in the late afternoon or evening.

Common signs that may indicate colic include:

• Prolonged crying: Lasting more than three hours per day, on more than three days a week, for at least one week.
• Physical signs during crying include clenched fists, a red or flushed face, knees drawn up to the tummy, an arched back, and a tight abdomen.
• Difficulty settling: The baby may be hard to soothe or may not respond to usual comforting techniques.
• Routine timing: Episodes often start around the same time each day, most commonly in the late afternoon or evening.

While these signs are consistent with colic, they may also appear in other conditions. If you have concerns about your baby’s behaviour or health, seeking advice from a qualified health professional is recommended.

Colic can look similar to other common reasons for crying, but there are a few signs that may help parents tell the difference.

Here are some things to consider:

• Timing and pattern: Colic crying tends to occur at roughly the same time each day, often in the late afternoon or evening. Other causes (like hunger or needing a nappy change) can happen at any time and usually stop once the need is met.
• Duration: Colic episodes typically last much longer than usual crying spells, often for more than 3 hours at a time.
• Soothing difficulties: With colic, babies are often harder to settle, even with holding, feeding, or changing position.
• Physical cues: During a colic episode, babies might clench their fists, arch their backs, turn red in the face, or pull their knees up. These signs may not be present with other types of discomfort.
• Feeding and health otherwise appear normal: Babies with colic usually feed and grow well between episodes and have no signs of illness.

Important Note: If your baby shows new or unusual symptoms (such as vomiting, fever, rash, or poor feeding) or if you are unsure whether it is colic, it is always best to speak with a healthcare provider.

For breastfeeding parents, small changes in feeding habits may support digestive comfort and reduce fussiness in some babies.

Here are a few gentle approaches to consider:

• Ensure a proper latch: A deep, comfortable latch can help reduce the amount of air your baby swallows during feeds, which may lessen wind or bloating.
• Feed in an upright position: Keeping your baby slightly upright while feeding — and for a little while afterwards — may support digestion and help ease any trapped air.
• Offer smaller, more frequent feeds: Some babies manage smaller amounts more comfortably. This approach may reduce the chance of overfeeding or fast gulping.
• Take short breaks to burp: Pausing briefly during a feed to gently burp your baby can help release swallowed air and may improve comfort.
• Explore dietary changes (with care): If your baby is particularly unsettled and you suspect a sensitivity (e.g., to dairy, caffeine, or spicy foods), you might consider making short-term changes to your diet. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before doing so.

For babies who are formula-fed, some parents explore different formula types if they suspect feeding might be contributing to their baby’s discomfort. While not a guaranteed solution, certain options may be more suitable for some infants.

Key considerations:

• Feeding challenges may differ by baby: Some infants may appear more settled on a particular formula. This could relate to how they digest certain proteins or how much air they take in during feeding.
• Types of formula explored by some families:
• Partially hydrolysed formulas – These contain proteins that are broken down into smaller parts, which may be gentler for some babies to digest.
• Lactose-free or dairy-free formulas – These are sometimes considered if there is concern about temporary lactose sensitivity or a family history of dairy intolerance.
• Always seek professional guidance: It is best to discuss any formula change with your healthcare provider or maternal-child health nurse. Unnecessary switching can disrupt your baby’s feeding rhythm and may not always be helpful.

Some parents consider probiotics as part of their approach to supporting their baby’s digestive comfort, especially during the colic stage.

What are probiotics?

Probiotics are live micro-organisms that, when taken in adequate amounts, can support a balanced gut environment. They are commonly found in some foods and are also available in dietary supplement form for infants.

Why might parents consider them?

• Some probiotic strains, such as Lactobacillus reuteri, have been studied in relation to infant digestive health and episodes of fussiness.
• Supporting gut flora balance may contribute to digestive comfort in some babies.
• They are usually available in infant-friendly liquid drops.

Important to note:

Always speak with a qualified healthcare provider before giving your baby any dietary supplement. Probiotics are not suitable for all infants, particularly those with underlying health concerns.

Infant massage is a simple and nurturing way to connect with your baby. Many parents find that it helps create a calm, soothing environment, especially during unsettled periods such as colic.

Some possible benefits of gentle massage include:

• Comfort through touch: Soft, rhythmic strokes can offer a sense of calm and security for both baby and parent.
• Support for digestion: Massaging the tummy in gentle, clockwise circles may support bowel comfort and help move trapped wind.
• Bonding time: Regular massage can deepen the emotional connection between parent and baby through eye contact, skin-to-skin contact, and voice.
• Relaxation: A quiet, predictable massage routine — especially before sleep — may help your baby settle and wind down.

Tips for safe massage:

• Choose a quiet, warm space and a time when your baby is calm and alert.
• Use gentle pressure and natural, unscented oil if needed.
• Watch your baby’s cues — if they turn away or fuss, it is fine to stop and try again later.

Swaddling is a traditional technique that involves gently wrapping your baby in a lightweight blanket to help them feel secure, similar to how they felt in the womb.

Why some parents choose to swaddle:

• Comfort and calm: A snug (but not tight) swaddle can provide a sense of security, which may help reduce overstimulation.
• Startle reflex: Swaddling may help minimise the moro reflex — sudden arm or leg movements that can wake or unsettle a baby.
• Settling support: A familiar swaddle routine before sleep can signal that it is time to rest, which some parents find helpful for sleep and soothing.

Safety tips for swaddling:

• Always leave room for hip movement — the legs should be able to bend and move freely.
• Stop swaddling once your baby shows signs of rolling.
• Keep the swaddle loose enough at the chest for comfortable breathing.

A warm bath can be a comforting part of your baby’s routine, especially during periods of fussiness or unsettled evenings.

Why parents include warm baths in their soothing routine:

• Gentle relaxation: The sensation of warm water on the skin may help your baby feel calm and relaxed.
• Soothing environment: A quiet, softly lit bathroom can offer a peaceful space away from stimulation.
• Tummy comfort: Gentle movement in warm water may support digestive ease and help settle occasional wind or discomfort.

Helpful tips for a calm bath time:

• Keep the water warm, not hot — around 37°C is ideal.
• Support your baby securely with one hand under their head and shoulders.
• Try using a soft cloth to gently pour water over their tummy and back.
• Speak or sing softly to your baby to create a reassuring experience.

A peaceful environment can make a big difference when caring for a baby who is unsettled or experiencing frequent crying spells.

Ways to create a calming space for your baby:

• Dim the lights: Soft lighting can reduce overstimulation, especially in the evening.
• Lower the noise: Turn off loud devices, televisions, or bright toys. A quiet space can help your baby feel more at ease.
• Keep the surroundings consistent: A familiar space with gentle routines may help your baby feel safe and secure.
• Hold your baby close: Skin-to-skin contact or simply being held can bring reassurance through your warmth, scent, and heartbeat.

Your calm matters too:

Babies are very sensitive to the emotions of their caregivers. Taking a few deep breaths, dimming the lights, or stepping outside briefly (if safe to do so) can also help reset the moment for both of you.

Sound can be a powerful tool in creating a soothing environment for babies, especially during periods of unsettled crying like colic.

Why white noise and soft sounds can be helpful:

• Mimics the womb: White noise — such as a fan, a soft shushing sound, or a purpose-built white noise machine — resembles the constant whooshing sound your baby heard in the womb. This familiarity may bring comfort.
• Reduces overstimulation: Gentle background noise can help mask sudden household sounds that might startle or overstimulate a sensitive baby.
• Supports a calming routine: Many parents find that adding soft music or white noise to bedtime routines helps set the tone for rest and relaxation.

Tips for using sound gently:

• Keep the volume low, similar to the sound of a soft shower.
• Place any white noise device at a safe distance from the baby’s head (at least 2 metres away).
• Choose consistent, soothing sounds rather than changing tones or music with sudden shifts.

Some parents explore chiropractic care as a supportive option during the colic stage, especially when they feel they have tried everything else. It is important to approach this option with care and accurate information.

What to know about chiropractic care for infants:

• Chiropractic care involves gentle, manual techniques often aimed at supporting musculoskeletal alignment.
• Some families report that their baby appeared more settled or comfortable after a session, although experiences vary.
• Current evidence on its effectiveness for colic is limited and mixed. More research is needed to confirm whether chiropractic care provides consistent benefits for colicky infants.

Important considerations:

• Always seek a chiropractor who is trained and experienced in working with infants.
• Sessions should be gentle, non-invasive, and tailored to your baby’s specific needs.
• Consult your GP, midwife, or Plunket nurse before starting any form of manual therapy for your baby.

Certain herbal teas, like chamomile or fennel, have been traditionally considered for their soothing properties. Always consult a healthcare provider before offering herbal remedies to your infant. Herbs like chamomile, fennel, and lemon balm have been traditionally used in some cultures to support digestive comfort. Some parents may be curious about these remedies when looking for natural options during the colic stage.

Commonly considered herbs:

• Chamomile: Traditionally used to support calmness and relaxation.
• Fennel: Often mentioned in relation to occasional wind and tummy comfort.
• Lemon balm: Associated with traditional calming and soothing uses.

Important safety notes:

• Herbal teas or remedies should not be given to infants without professional advice. Babies have very delicate systems, and even natural ingredients may not be suitable or well tolerated.
• Always check with a qualified healthcare professional before using any herbal product for your baby, especially in concentrated or supplement form.

Aromatherapy can help create a calm atmosphere in the home — which may be supportive during times of fussiness or colic. When used cautiously, certain essential oils may contribute to a soothing environment for both parent and baby.

Commonly used oils for a calming space:

• Lavender: Often associated with a peaceful, relaxing scent.
• Chamomile: Traditionally linked to calmness and restfulness.

How to use essential oils safely around babies:

• Always dilute properly. For ambient use, add 1–2 drops to a diffuser with plenty of water in a well-ventilated room.
• Avoid direct contact. Essential oils should not be applied to your baby’s skin or clothing unless in a product specifically formulated and approved for infants.
• Limit exposure. Use essential oils only occasionally and never in enclosed spaces or while your baby is sleeping unattended.
• Do not ingest. Essential oils should never be given orally to infants.

While colic is common and usually not harmful, it is important to be aware of signs that may point to something more serious. If your baby shows any of the following, it is a good idea to seek advice from a healthcare professional promptly.

Contact your doctor or nurse if your baby:

• Is not feeding well or refuses feeds consistently
• Is not gaining weight as expected
• Has frequent or forceful vomiting
• Has a fever (especially in babies under 3 months)
• Has blood in their poo or very unusual bowel movements
• Appears very lethargic, unusually floppy, or difficult to wake
• Cries in a high-pitched or unusual way that sounds different from normal
• Has a swollen tummy or seems to be in severe discomfort

If you are unsure whether your baby is experiencing colic or something else, or if you simply need reassurance, speaking with a trusted healthcare professional can be very helpful. Here are some questions you might consider asking during your visit:

Suggested questions:

• Could my baby’s unsettled behaviour be linked to a sensitivity or allergy, such as a reaction to dairy or something in my diet?
• Could this be colic, or might there be another reason for the crying?
• Is my baby feeding and growing as expected?
• Should I try any changes to feeding, such as adjusting my diet, formula, or feeding techniques?
• Would you recommend trying probiotics or other gentle support options?
• Are there any red flags I should watch for?
• Can I continue using soothing methods like massage, baths, or white noise?
• Is there a point when you would suggest further testing or referral?

You can also ask:

• What strategies have helped other families?
• Are there local support groups or helplines available?

Yes — in some cases, dietary changes made by breastfeeding parents may have an impact on their baby’s comfort. This is especially considered when a baby is showing signs of sensitivity.

What some parents explore:

• Removing dairy, caffeine, spicy, or gas-producing foods (like onions, cabbage, or beans) for a trial period.
• Watching for changes in baby’s behaviour, such as reduced fussiness or changes in bowel patterns.
• Reintroducing foods slowly, one at a time, under professional guidance.

Important note:

Dietary changes should be made with the support of a healthcare provider, especially to ensure the parent’s nutritional needs are still being met.

A consistent routine can be comforting for babies and may help prevent overstimulation, a common trigger for colic symptoms. Regular feeding and sleeping patterns contribute to a sense of stability. While routine does not prevent colic, having a predictable daily rhythm may support your baby’s sense of security, which can be especially helpful during unsettled periods.

Gentle routines may offer:

• A calming rhythm: Regular feeding, sleeping, and cuddle times can reduce overstimulation, which may ease some fussiness.
• Predictability for baby: Familiar patterns can help your baby feel more settled, even if the colic itself continues for a while.
• More confidence for parents: A flexible routine can help you recognise what your baby may need and when.

It does not need to be strict — just consistent.

Simple patterns, like a warm bath, dim lights, and quiet time before bed, can signal it is time to wind down.

The good news is that colic is temporary and does not cause long-term harm. Most babies outgrow it by around 3 to 4 months of age, even without specific treatment.

However, colic can affect family wellbeing in the short term:

• Emotional fatigue: Ongoing crying can be very stressful for parents and carers, sometimes leading to feelings of helplessness or exhaustion.
• Disrupted routines: Sleep, feeding, and day-to-day life can feel harder to manage during this phase.
• Increased worry: It is common for parents to question if something is wrong, even when their baby is otherwise healthy.

Why support still matters:

While colic usually resolves on its own, having guidance, reassurance, and support during this time can make a big difference for both baby and caregiver wellbeing.

Caring for a baby with colic can be one of the most challenging parts of early parenting, but you are not alone, and this phase will pass.

Here are a few key points to remember:

• Colic is common and temporary. It typically starts in the first few weeks of life and often settles by 3 to 4 months.
• Your baby is healthy. Most babies with colic are feeding and growing well — they are just having a tough time adjusting.
• There is no single solution. Comfort strategies like feeding adjustments, probiotics, herbal remedies, gentle routines, warm baths, or white noise may help, but each baby responds differently.
• Support is available. Talking to a health professional can help ease worry and guide you through safe, gentle options.
• Look after yourself too. Your well-being matters. Ask for help, rest when you can, and remind yourself that you are doing a great job — even on the hard days.

If your baby is crying for hours and nothing seems to soothe them, it can feel incredibly isolating. But please remember — many parents have been exactly where you are right now.

Colic is not caused by anything you have done wrong. It is a challenging stage that some babies go through, and it can test even the most patient and loving of caregivers.

What can help:

• Reaching out to friends, whānau, or support groups who understand what you are going through
• Taking short breaks when safe to do so — even a few deep breaths or a moment outside can help reset the mood
• Talking to your healthcare provider for reassurance and guidance — they are here to support you and your baby

Every long night brings you closer to brighter mornings. You are not alone, and things will get easier. You are doing better than you think.

In the throes of colicky nights, it may seem challenging to envision a future with peace and calm. Yet, with perseverance and a touch of hopeful optimism, tranquillity and serenity are attainable goals.

Disclaimer:
This content is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always read the label and use as directed. Dietary supplements are not a replacement for a balanced diet. If symptoms persist, see your healthcare professional. Colic Calm NZ, Wellington, New Zealand.